Description: A basin-shaped structure formed by the union of the sacrum, coccyx, and two hip bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis)

Functions:

Weight Transfer: The pelvis connects the spine to the lower limbs, transferring weight from the upper body to the legs during movement

Support: The pelvic bones and surrounding muscles support the abdominal organs and other tissues in the pelvic cavity

Muscle Attachment: The pelvis provides attachment points for numerous muscles involved in trunk movement, lower limb movement, and pelvic floor support

Protection: The pelvic bones protect the pelvic and abdomino-pelvic viscera

Birth Canal: In females, the pelvis forms the birth canal, allowing for vaginal delivery

Description: Located in the thigh, connecting the hip to the knee

Functions:

Muscle Attachment: Numerous muscles, including the quadriceps and hamstrings, attach to the femur, enabling movement of the hip and knee.

Weight Bearing: The femur bears the weight of the upper body and is crucial for standing, walking, and other weight-bearing activities.

Description: A large process that projects superiorly from the junction of the neck and shaft of the femur

Functions:

Muscle Attachments: The tendons of the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, gluteus maximus, and tensor fascia lata insert onto the greater trochanter. These muscles are crucial for hip abduction, stabilization, and external rotation.

Facets: Four distinct facets: superolateral, lateral, anterior, and superoanterior. These facets provide specific attachment points for different muscle tendons

Description: A large process that projects from the posteromedial surface of the femur just distal to neck

Functions: It is the insertion site of the common tendon of the psoas major and iliacus muscle (iliopsoas muscle)

Description: Spine at the anterior end of the iliac crest

Functions: Lateral attachment of the inguinal ligament

Description: Inferior to anterior superior iliac spine

Functions: Attachment site of straight head of rectus femoris muscle

Description: The roughened projection that protrudes posteroinferiorly from the body of the ischium

Functions: It is the site of attachment of the sacrotuberous ligament; it is the site of origin of the inferior gemellus muscle, quadratus femoris muscle and the hamstring (semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head of biceps femoris, ischiocondylar portion of the adductor magnus)

Description: The spine that arises just superior to the lesser sciatic notch

Functions: It is the site of attachment of the sacrospinous ligament and the site of origin of the superior gemellus muscle

Description: A basin-shaped structure formed by the union of the sacrum, coccyx, and two hip bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis)

Functions:

Weight Transfer: The pelvis connects the spine to the lower limbs, transferring weight from the upper body to the legs during movement

Support: The pelvic bones and surrounding muscles support the abdominal organs and other tissues in the pelvic cavity

Muscle Attachment: The pelvis provides attachment points for numerous muscles involved in trunk movement, lower limb movement, and pelvic floor support

Protection: The pelvic bones protect the pelvic and abdomino-pelvic viscera

Birth Canal: In females, the pelvis forms the birth canal, allowing for vaginal delivery

Description: Arching superior edge the ilium that forms the rim of the "fan"

Functions: Attachment for abdominal wall muscles

Description: Spine at the posterior end of the iliac crest. The position marked by a dimpling of the skin

Functions: Clinically significant for bone marrow aspiration, identifying pelvic torsion and sacroiliac joint disorders and as a reference point for surgical procedures

Description: A bony projection located on the posterior border of the ilium, below the posterior superior iliac spine

Functions: Attachment point for the sacrotuberous ligament

Description: Process at the lateral end of pubic crest

Functions: Attachment point of the medial end of the inguinal ligament

Description: Superolateral portion of the pubis

Functions: The body of the pubis forms about 1/5 of the acetabulum

Description: The ligament reinforcing the anterior surface of the articular capsule of the hip joint

Functions: The iliofemoral ligament is shaped like an inverted "Y", it connects the anterior inferior iliac spine to the anterior surface of the intertrochanteric line of the femur also known as ligament of Bigelow

Description: The ligament reinforcing the medial surface of the articular capsule of the hip joint

Functions: Its connects the pubic portion of the rim of the bony acetabulum to the medial surface of the femoral neck

Description: Ligament reinforcing the posterior surface of the articular capsule of the hip joint

Functions: Its connects the body of the ischium to the posterior portion of the femoral neck