Origin: Originated from medial intermuscular septum, medial lip of the linea aspera

Insertion: Inserted into patella and medial patellar retinaculum

Innervation: Innervated by femoral nerve

Action: It extends leg

Origin: Originated from medial portion of the superior pubic ramus

Insertion: Inserterd into linea aspera of the femur

Innervation: Innervated by anterior division of the obturator nerve

Action: It adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the femur

Origin: Originated from pecten of the pubis

Insertion: Inserted into pectineal line of the femur

Innervation: Innervated by femoral nerve and possibly the anterior division of the obturator nerve

Action: It adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh

Origin: Originated from anterior and lateral surface of the femur

Insertion: Inserted into patella

Innervation: Innervated by femoral nerve

Action: It extends the leg

Origin: Originated from lateral intermuscular septum, lateral lip of the linea aspera and the gluteal tuberosity

Insertion: Inserted into patella and medial patellar retinaculum

Innervation: Innervated by femoral nerve

Action: It extends leg

Origin: Originated from the iliact tubercle of the external lip of the iliac crest and the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Insertion: Inserted into the lateral tibial condyle at Gerdy's tubercle

Innervation: Innervated by the superior gluteal nerve and the inferior gluteal nerve

Action: It stabilize the hip and knee, and also contributes to hip and knee movements

Origin: Originated from

Long head: ischial tuberosity

Short head: lateral lip of the linea aspera

Insertion: Inserted into head of fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia

Innervation: Innervated by

Long head: tibial nerve

Short head: common fibular (peroneal) nerve

Action: It extends the thigh, flexes the leg

Origin: Originated from external surface of the ilium between the posterior and anterior gluteal lines

Insertion: Inserted into greater trochanter of the femur

Innervation: Innervated by superior gluteal nerve

Action: It abducts the femur; medially rotates the thigh

Origin: Originated from anterior surface of sacrum

Insertion: Inserted into upper border of greater trochanter of femu

Innervation: Innervated by ventral rami of S1-S2

Action: It laterally rotates and abducts thigh

Origin: Originated from ischial spine, a bony projection on the pelvis

Insertion: Inserted into the medial surface of greater trochanter

Innervation: Primarily innervated by the nerve to obturator internus

Action: It laterally rotate the thigh at the hip joint

Origin: Originated from the internal surface of the obturator membrane and margin of the obturator foramen

Insertion: Inserted into greater trochanter on its medial surface above the trochanteric fossa

Innervation: Innervated by the nerve to obturator internus muscle

Action: It laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint and contributes to abduction when the hip is flexed

Origin: Originated from the ischial spine

Insertion: Inserted into the medial surface of greater trochanter

Innervation: Innervated by the nerve to quadratus femoris

Action: It laterally rotate and abduct the thigh at the hip joint

Origin: Originated from lateral border of the ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Inserted into quadrate line of the femur below the intertrochanteric crest

Innervation: Innervated by the nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle

Action: It laterally rotates the thigh

Origin: Originated from ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Inserted into linea aspera of the femur; the ischiocondylar part inserts on the adductor tubercle of the femur

Innervation: Innervated by posterior division of the obturator nerve; tibial nerve (ischiocondylar part)

Action: It adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the femur; extends the femur (ischiocondylar part)

Origin: Originated from pubic symphysis and the inferior pubic ramus

Insertion: Inserted into medial surface of the tibia (via pes anserinus)

Innervation: Innervated by anterior division of the obturator nerve

Action: It adducts the thigh, flexes and medially rotates the thigh, flexes the leg

Source: Originated from external iliac artery

Branches: It branches into Superficial epigastric artery, superficial circumflex iliac artery, superficial external pudendal artery, deep external pudendal artery, deep femoral artery, descending genicular artery, popliteal artery

Supply to: It supplies the thigh, leg and foo

Source: Originated from femoral artery

Branches: It branches into Anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery, 5 genicular branches

Supply to: It supplies the knee, leg and foot

Source: Originated from abdominal aorta, common iliac artery

Branches: It branches into External iliac artery, internal iliac artery

Supply to: It supplies the pelvis, lower limb

Source: Originated from internal iliac artery, anterior division

Branches: It branches into Unnamed muscular branches

Supply to: It supplies the gluteus maximus muscle, hip joint

Source: Originated from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery

Branches: It branches into Inferior rectal artery, perineal artery, urethral artery, artery of bulb of the vestibule, deep artery of the clitoris, and dorsal artery of the clitoris

Supply to: It supplies the main blood supply to the pelvis and surrounding structures

Source: Originated from internal iliac, posterior division

Branches: It branches into superficial branches, deep branches

Supply to: It supplies the gluteus maximus muscle, gluteus medius muscle, gluteus minimus muscle, hip joint

Source: Originated from common iliac artery

Branches: It branches into Inferior epigastric artery, deep circumflex iliac artery, femoral artery

Supply to: It supplies the pelvis and lower limb

Tributaries: Deep femoral vein, great saphenous vein, lateral circumflex femoral veins, medial circumflex femoral veins

Drains into: External iliac vein

Regions: Lower limb

Tributaries: Inferior epigastric, deep circumflex iliac, and pubic veins

Drains into: Common iliac vein

Regions: Skin and muscle of anterior abdominal wall, pubic region, leg

Tributaries: Deep veins of the leg, which include the posterior tibial, anterior tibial, and fibular veins. Saphenous vein also empties into the popliteal vein

Drains into: Femoral vein

Regions: Lower limb

Source: Originated from lumbar plexus (ventral primary rami of spinal nerves L2-L4)

Branches: It branches into anterior femoral cutaneous branches, nerves to: sartorius muscle, rectus femoris muscle, vastus lateralis muscle, vastus intermedius muscle, vastus medialis muscle, pectineus muscle

Motor: It innervated the sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, pectineus

Sensory: It provides senstory to the skin of anterior thigh

Source: Originated from sacral plexus (ventral primary rami of spinal nerves L4-L5 and S1-S3)

Branches: It branches into tibial nerve, common fibular (peroneal) nerve

Motor: It innervated the semitendinosus muscle, semimembranosus muscle, biceps femoris muscle, ischioconylar part of the adductor magnus muscle; its branches supply all muscles of the leg and foot

Sensory: It provides senstory to the skin of the leg and foot (excluding the medial side of leg & foot)

Source: Originated from sciatic nerve

Branches: It branches into lateral sural cutaneous nerve, superficial and deep fibular nerves

Motor: It innervated the superficial fibular nerve: muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg (fibularis longus and brevis muscles); deep fibular nerve: muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg (tibialis anterior muscle, extensor hallucis longus muscle, extensor digitorum longus muscle, fibularis tertius muscle) and muscles of the dorsum of the foot (extensor digitorum brevis m.and extensor hallucis brevis muscle)

Sensory: It provides senstory to the superficial fibular nerve: distal 1/3 of the anterior surface of the leg, dorsum of the foot excluding the web between the great toe and the 2nd toe and distal interphalangeal segments of all toes; deep fibular nerve: skin of the web between the great toe and the 2nd toe

Source: Originated from sciatic nerve

Branches: It branches into medial sural cutaneous nerve, medial calcaneal branches, medial and lateral plantar nerves

Motor: It innervated the semimembranosus muscle, semitendinosus muscle, long head of biceps femoris muscle, ischiocondylar portion of adductor magnus muscle; muscles of the superficial and deep posterior compartments of the leg (gastrocnemius muscle, soleus muscle, plantaris muscle, tibialis posterior muscle, flexor hallucis longus muscle, flexor digitorum longus muscle); muscles of the plantar side of the foot

Sensory: It provides senstory to the skin of the plantar surface of the foot and toes; skin of the dorsal surface of the distal toes (nail bed region)

Source: Originated from lumbar plexus (ventral primary rami of spinal nerves L2-L4)

Branches: It branches into anterior and posterior branches

Motor: It innervated the muscles of the medial thigh: adductor longus muscle, adductor brevi smuscle and adductor magnus muscle, gracilis muscle, obturator externus muscle

Sensory: It provides senstory to the skin of the lower medial thigh

Source: Originated from lumbosacral trunk (ventral primary rami of spinal nerves L4-L5), ventral primary rami of spinal nerves S1-S4

Branches: It branches into superior & inferior gluteal nerves, nerve to obturator internus muscle, nerve to quadratus femoris muscle, sciatic nerve, nerve to piriformis, posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, pudendal nerve, nerve to pelvic diaphragm, pelvic splanchnic nerves

Motor: It innervated the muscles of the pelvic diaphragm; muscles of the urogenital diaphragm; muscles of the posterior hip, posterior thigh, leg and foot

Sensory: It provides senstory to the skin of the perineum, posterior thigh, leg and foot (excluding the medial side of the leg and foot)